Demographics & population — United States
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for United States: 341,963,408
Immigration rules and fees change frequently — confirm current requirements on official government or embassy websites.
Population overview
- Population
341,963,408
- Population Growth Rate
0.67%
- Population Distribution
- large urban clusters are spread throughout the eastern half of the US (particularly the Great Lakes area, northeast, east, and southeast) and the western tier states
- mountainous areas, principally the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian chain, deserts in the southwest, the dense boreal forests in the extreme north, and the central prarie states are less densely populated
- Alaska's population is concentrated along its southern coast - with particular emphasis on the city of Anchorage - and Hawaii's is centered on the island of Oahu
- Urban Population
- urban population: 83.3%
- of total population rate of urbanization: 0.96% annual rate of change
- Population in Major Urban Areas
18.937 million New York-Newark, 12.534 million Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, 8.937 million Chicago, 6.707 million Houston, 6.574 million Dallas-Fort Worth, 5.490 million WASHINGTON, D.C. (capital)
- Population: Male/Female
- male: 168,598,780
- female: 173,364,628
Age & family
- Age Structure
- years: 18.1% (male 31,618,532/female 30,254,223) 15-64
- years: 63.4% (male 108,553,822/female 108,182,491) 65
- years and over: 18.5% (2024 est.) (male 28,426,426/female 34,927,914)
- Median Age
- total: 38.9
- years male: 37.8
- years female: 40 years
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
12
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
8.5
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
1.84
- Gross reproduction rate
1
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
73.9%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
73.9%
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
51.9%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
27
- Mother's mean age at first birth
27
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
- at birth: 1.05
- male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05
- male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1
- male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81
- male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
3
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
White 61.6%, Black or African American 12.4%, Asian 6%, Indigenous and Alaska native 1.1%, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 0.2%, other 8.4%, two or more races 10.2%
- Language Note
English only 78.2%, Spanish 13.4%, Chinese 1.1%, other 7.3%
- Nationality Noun
- American(s) adjective: American
Education
- Literacy Definition
Age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
6.1%
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
- total: 16
- years male: 16
- years female: 17 years
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- total population: 80.9
- years male: 78.7
- years female: 83.1 years
- Infant Mortality Rate
- total: 5.1 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 5.4 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- total: 5.1 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 5.4 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
21
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
2.61
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
2.9
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
18.8%
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
36.2%
- Tobacco Use
- total: 23%
- male: 28.4%
- female: 17.5%
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 8.93
- liters of pure alcohol beer: 3.97
- liters of pure alcohol wine: 1.67
- liters of pure alcohol spirits: 3.29
- liters of pure alcohol other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 99.9%
- of population rural: 99.7%
- of population total: 99.9%
- urban: 0.1%
- of population rural: 0.3%
- of population total: 0.1% of population
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 99.8%
- of population rural: 98.9%
- of population total: 99.7%
- urban: 0.2%
- of population rural: 11.1%
- of population total: 0.3% of population
- Underweight - percent of children under five years
0.4%