Geography & environment — Thailand
Location, land area, terrain, climate, and natural resources.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Geography & environment at a glance
Location, land area, terrain, climate, and natural resources. Key figure for Thailand: Southeast Asia
Immigration rules and fees change frequently — confirm current requirements on official government or embassy websites.
Location & size
- Geographic Location
Southeast Asia
- Geographic Coordinates
15 00 N, 100 00 E
- Total Area
198,116 Square Miles 513,120 Square Kilometers
- Land Area
197,255 Square Miles 510,890 Square Kilometers
- Water Area
861 Square Miles 2,230 Square Kilometers
- Land Boundaries
3,022 Miles 4,863 Kilometers
- Border Countries
Burma 1,800 km, Cambodia 803 km, Laos 1,754 km, Malaysia 506 km
- Coastline
2,000 Miles 3,219 Kilometers
Physical geography
- Terrain
- Central plain
- Khorat Plateau in the east
- mountains elsewhere
- Highest Point
2,576 Meters
- Highest Point Location
Doi Inthanon 2,576 m
- Lowest Point Location
Gulf of Thailand 0 m
- Natural Resources
Tin, rubber, natural gas, tungsten, tantalum, timber, lead, fish, gypsum, lignite, fluorite, arable land
- Irrigated Land
24,768 Square Miles 64,150 Square Kilometers
Climate & time
- Time Zone
UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Climate
- Climate
Located at 20 degrees north latitude, Thailand is generally hot and humid with a climate that is classified as tropical monsoon. A pronounced rainy season lasts from July to October. From November to February, the northeast monsoon brings a cooler, drier period, when the humidity drops from an average high of 95 percent to an average low of 58 percent. During this season, temperatures typically range from the mid-60s in the early morning to the mid-80s during the day. The period from March to June is Bangkok's summer, which is usually hot and humid; temperatures can reach 100° Fahrenheit.
- Terrain
- Central plain
- Khorat Plateau in the east
- mountains elsewhere
- Location
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma
- Total Area
198,116 Square Miles 513,120 Square Kilometers
- Border Countries
Burma 1,800 km, Cambodia 803 km, Laos 1,754 km, Malaysia 506 km
Environment
- Environment - Current Issues
- Air pollution from vehicle emissions
- water pollution from organic and factory wastes
- deforestation
- soil erosion
- wildlife populations threatened by illegal hunting
- Environment - International Agreements
- Party To: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed,
- but not ratified: Law of the Sea