Demographics & population — Niger
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Niger: 22,772,361
Immigration rules and fees change frequently — confirm current requirements on official government or embassy websites.
Population overview
- Population
22,772,361
- Population Growth Rate
3.32%
- Urban Population
- Population in Major Urban Areas
NIAMEY (capital) 1.297 million
Age & family
- Age Structure
- Median Age
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
47
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
13.07
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
7.03
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
13.9%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
13.9%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
18
- Mother's mean age at first birth
18
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
-0.6
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Hausa 56%, Djerma 22%, Fula 8.5%, Tuareg 8%, Beri Beri (Kanouri) 4.3%, Arab, Toubou, and Gourmantche 1.2%, about 1,200 French expatriates
- Nationality Noun
Nigerien(s)
Education
- Literacy - total population
28.7%
- Literacy - male
25.8%
- Literacy - female
9.7%
- Literacy Definition
age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
4.2%
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- Infant Mortality Rate
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
590
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
.02
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
.31
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
5.3%
- Major Infectious Diseases - degree of risk
very high
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
2.4%
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- Underweight - percent of children under five years
39.9%