Government & politics — Kyrgyzstan

a combination of the Turkic words "kyrg" (forty) and "-yz" (tribes) with the Persian suffix "-stan" (country) creating the meaning "Land of the Forty Tribes"; the name refers to the 40 clans united by the mythic Kyrgyz hero, MANAS

• history: previous 1993, 2007, 2010; latest approved by referendum in April 2021 that transitioned Kyrgyzstan from a parliamentary to a presidential system, and implemented changes that allow the president to serve for two 5-year terms rather than one 6-year term, reduced the number of seats in Kyrgyzstan's legislature from 120 to 90, and
• established a Kurultay - a public advisory council amendments: proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president

• chief of state: Presi
• dent Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021) head of government: P
• resident Adylbek KASYMALIYEV (since 18 December 2024) cabinet: Cabinet of Mini
• sters appointed by the president election/appointment process: president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a five-yea
• r term (eligible for a second term) most recent election date: 10
• January 2021 election results: 2021: Sadyr JAPAROV elected president in first round; percent of vote - Sadyr JAPAROV (Mekenchil) 79.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.8%, other 14% 2017: Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected president; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan) 54.7%, Omurbek BABANOV (independent) 33.8%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.6%, other 4.9%
• expected date of next election: 2027
• note: the president is both chief of state and head of government

Description

unicameral Supreme Council or Jogorku Kenesh (90 seats statutory, current 88; 54 seats allocated for proportional division among political party lists from the national vote and 36 seats allocated for candidates running in single-seat constituencies; members serve 5-year terms; parties must receive 5% of the vote to win seats in the Council)

Elections

last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held in 2026)

Election Results

• percent of vote by party - Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan or AJK 17.3%, Ishenim 15%, Yntymak 12.1%, Alyans 9.2%, Butun Kyrgyzstan 7.8%, Yiman Nuru 6.8%, other 30%
• seats by party - AJK 15, Ishenim 12, Yntymak 9, Alyns 7, Butun Kyrgyzstan 6, Yiman Nuru 5, other 36;

Composition

men 70, women 18, percent of women 20%

• highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 25 judges); Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (consists of the chairperson, deputy chairperson,
• and 9 judges) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president; Supreme Court judges serve for 10 years, Constitutional Court judges serve for 15 years; mandatory reti
• rement at age 70 for judges of both courts subordinate courts: Higher Court of Arbitration; oblast (provincial) and city courts

7 provinces (oblustar, singular - oblus) and 2 cities* (shaarlar, singular - shaar); Batken Oblusu, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblusu (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblusu, Naryn Oblusu, Osh Oblusu, Osh Shaary*, Talas Oblusu, Ysyk-Kol Oblusu (Karakol) note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)

• Alyans (Alliance) [Mirlan JEENCHOROEV]
• Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan (Homeland) or AJK [Aybek MATKERIMOV]
• Butun Kyrgyzstan (United) [Adakhan MADUMAROV]
• Ishenim (Trust) [Rysbat AMATOV and Azamat DOROYEV]
• Social Democrats or SDK [Temirlan SULTANBEKOV]
• Yntymak (Unity) [Marlen MAMATALIEV]
• Yiman Nuru (Light of Faith) [Nurjigit KADYRBEKOV]

• no citizenship by descent only: at least one paren
• t must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan dual citizenship recognized: yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual cit
• izenship is in force residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI (compliant country), FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

chief of mission

Ambassador Lesslie VIGUERIE (since 29 December 2022) embassy: 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016 mailing address: 7040 Bishkek Place, Washington DC 20521-7040

telephone

[996] (312) 597-000

FAX

[996] (312) 597-744

Email address and website

• ConsularBishkek@state.gov
• https://kg.usembassy.gov/

chief of mission

Ambassador Baktybek AMANBAEV (since 7 July 2021)

chancery

2360 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone

[1] (202) 449-9822

FAX

[1] (202) 449-8275

Email address and website

• kgembassy.usa@mfa.gov.kg