Government & politics — Bangladesh

• Independence Day, 26 March (1971)
• Victory Day, 16 December (1971)
• note - 26 March 1971 is the date of the Awami League's declaration of an independent Bangladesh, and 16 December (Victory Day) memorializes the military victory over Pakistan and the official creation of the state of Bangladesh

• history: previous 1935, 1956, 1962 (preindependence); latest enacted 4 November 1972, effective 16 December 1972, suspended March 1982,
• restored November 1986 amendments: proposed by the House of the Nation; approval requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the House membership and assent of the president of the republic; amended many times, last in 2018

• chief of state: President Mohamma
• d SHAHABUDDIN Chuppi (since 24 April 2023) head of government: Tarique Rahman was sworn in as the new Prime Minister (since February 17, 2026
• cabinet: Cabinet selected by the prime minister,
• appointed by the president election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by the National Parliament for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the president appoints as prime minister the majority part
• y leader in the National Parliament most recent election date: 13
• February 2023 election results: President Mohammad SHAHABUDDIN Chuppi (AL) elected unopposed by the National Parliament; Sheikh HASINA reappointed prime minister for a fifth term following the 7 January 2024 parliamentary election; note - Sheikh HASINA resigned and fled the country on 5 August 2024 following mass protests against her government in July and August 2024, and Mohammad YUNIS was appointed as interim P
• rime Minister on 8 August 2024 expected date of next election: 2028

Description

unicameral House of the Nation or Jatiya Sangsad (350 seats; 300 members in single-seat territorial constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote; 50 members - reserved for women only - indirectly elected by the House of the Nation membership by proportional representation vote using single transferable vote method; all members serve 5-year terms)

Elections

last held on 7 January 2024 (next to be held in 2029)

Election Results

• percent of vote by party - NA
• seats by party (directly elected) - AL 223, JP 11, other 3, independent 62, vacant 1
• composition as of January 2024 - men 279, women 20, percent of women 6.7%

• highest court(s): Supreme Court of Bangladesh (organized into the Appellate Division with 7 justices and the High Court
• Division with 99 justices) judge selection and term of office: chief justice and justices appointed by the president;
• civil courts include: Assistant Judge's Court; Joint District Judge's Court; Additional District Judge's Court; District Judge's Court;
• criminal courts include: Court of Sessions; Court of Metropolitan Sessions; Metropolitan Magistrate Courts; Magistrate Court; special courts/tribunals

• Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]
• Bangladesh Jamaat-i-Islami or JIB [Shafiqur RAHMAN]
• Bangladesh Kalyan Party or BKP [Syed Muhammad [IBRAHIM]
• Bangladesh Nationalist Front or BNF [S. M. Abul Kalam AZAD]
• Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Tarique RAHMAN, acting chairperson
• Begum Khaleda ZIA]
• Bangladesh Tariqat Federation or BTF [Syed Nozibul Bashar MAIZBHANDARI]
• Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Rowshan ERSHAD]
• Jatiya Party or JP (Manju faction) [Anwar Hossain MANJU]
• Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Oli AHMED]
• National Socialist Party (Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal) or JSD [Hasanul Haque INU]
• Workers Party or WP [Rashed Khan MENON]

• no citizenship by descent only: at least one paren
• t must be a citizen of Bangladesh dual citizenship recognized: yes, but limited
• to select countries residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

ADB, ARF, BIMSTEC, C, CD, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

chief of mission

Ambassador Peter HAAS (since 15 March 2022) embassy: Madani Avenue, Baridhara, Dhaka - 1212 mailing address: 6120 Dhaka Place, Washington DC 20521-6120

telephone

[880] (2) 5566-2000

FAX

[880] (2) 5566-2907

Email address and website

• DhakaACS@state.gov
• https://bd.usembassy.gov/

chief of mission

Ambassador Muhammad IMRAN (since 12 December 2022)

chancery

3510 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone

[1] (202) 244-0183

FAX

[1] (202) 244-2771

Email address and website

• mission.washington@mofa.gov.bd
• http://www.bdembassyusa.org/

consulate(s) general

Los Angeles, New York