Demographics & population — Angola
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Angola: 37,202,061
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Population overview
- Population
37,202,061
- Population Growth Rate
3.33%
- Population Distribution
most people live in the western half of the country; urban areas account for the highest concentrations of people, particularly the capital of Luanda
- Urban Population
- urban population: 68.7%
- of total population rate of urbanization: 4.04% annual rate of change
- Population in Major Urban Areas
9.292 million LUANDA (capital), 959,000 Lubango, 905,000 Cabinda, 809,000 Benguela, 783,000 Malanje
- Population: Male/Female
- male: 18,196,058
- female: 19,006,003
Age & family
- Age Structure
- years: 46.9% (male 8,752,419/female 8,701,422) 15-64
- years: 50.7% (male 9,076,080/female 9,795,035) 65
- years and over: 2.4% (2024 est.) (male 367,559/female 509,546)
- Median Age
- total: 16.3
- years male: 15.8
- years female: 16.8 years
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
41
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
7.6
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
5.7
- Gross reproduction rate
3
- Child Marriage
- women married by age 15: 7.9%
- women married by age 18: 30.3%
- men married by age 18: 6%
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
13.7%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
13.7%
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
55.7%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
19.4
- Mother's mean age at first birth
19.4
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
- at birth: 1.03
- male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.01
- male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93
- male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72
- male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
-0.2
- Demographic profile
More than two decades after the end of Angola's 27-year civil war, the country still faces a variety of socioeconomic problems, including poverty, high maternal and child mortality, and illiteracy.
Despite the country's rapid post-war economic growth based on oil production, about 30 percent of Angolans live below the poverty line and unemployment is widespread, especially among the large young-adult population.
Only about 70% of the population is literate, and the rate drops to around 60% for women.
The youthful population - about 48% are under the age of 15 as of 2022 - is expected to continue growing rapidly with a fertility rate of more than 5 children per woman and a low rate of contraceptive use.
Fewer than half of women deliver their babies with the assistance of trained health care personnel, which contributes to Angola's high maternal mortality rate.
Of the estimated 550,000 Angolans who fled their homeland during its civil war, most have returned home since 2002.
In 2012, the UN assessed that conditions in Angola had been stable for several years and invoked a cessation of refugee status for Angolans.
Following the cessation clause, some of those still in exile returned home voluntarily through UN repatriation programs, and others integrated into host countries.
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%
- Language Note
- Portuguese 71.2% (official), Umbundu 23%, Kikongo 8.2%, Kimbundu 7.8%, Chokwe 6.5%, Nhaneca 3.4%, Nganguela 3.1%, Fiote 2.4%, Kwanhama 2.3%, Muhumbi 2.1%, Luvale 1%, other 3.6%
- note - data represent most widely spoken languages
- shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census
- Nationality Noun
- Angolan(s) adjective: Angolan
Education
- Literacy - total population
71.1%
- Literacy - male
82.6%
- Literacy - female
62.4%
- Literacy Definition
age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
2.4%
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- total population: 62.9
- years male: 60.8
- years female: 65.1 years
- Infant Mortality Rate
- total: 55.6 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 60.7 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 50.3 deaths/1,000 live births
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- total: 55.6 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 60.7 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 50.3 deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
222
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
.21
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
.8
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
2.9%
- Major Infectious Diseases - degree of risk
- very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A,
- typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
- schistosomiasis animal contact diseases: rabies
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
8.2%
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 5.84
- liters of pure alcohol beer: 3.78
- liters of pure alcohol wine: 0.72
- liters of pure alcohol spirits: 1.27
- liters of pure alcohol other alcohols: 0.08 liters of pure alcohol
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 81.3%
- of population rural: 36.5%
- of population total: 66.5%
- urban: 18.7%
- of population rural: 63.5%
- of population total: 33.5% of population
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 93.7%
- of population rural: 30.3%
- of population total: 72.7%
- urban: 6.3%
- of population rural: 69.7%
- of population total: 27.3% of population