Geography & environment — Tajikistan
Location, land area, terrain, climate, and natural resources.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Geography & environment at a glance
Location, land area, terrain, climate, and natural resources. Key figure for Tajikistan: Asia
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Location & size
- Geographic Location
Asia
- Geographic Coordinates
39 00 N, 71 00 E
- Total Area
55,251 Square Miles 143,100 Square Kilometers
- Land Area
54,637 Square Miles 141,510 Square Kilometers
- Water Area
1,000 Square Miles 2,590 Square Kilometers
- Land Boundaries
2,269 Miles 3,651 Kilometers
- Border Countries
Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km
Physical geography
- Terrain
Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest
- Highest Point
7,495 Meters
- Highest Point Location
Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m
- Lowest Point
300 Meters
- Lowest Point Location
Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m
- Natural Resources
hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold
- Irrigated Land
2,865 Square Miles 7,421 Square Kilometers
Climate & time
- Time Zone
UTC+5 (10 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Climate
- Climate
- There are four distinct seasons in Tajikistan gorgeous springs, with soft breezes and flowers blooming everywhere
- hot, dry summers
- pleasant autumns with warm days and cool evenings, and in the low altitude city of Dushanbe, relatively mild winters. Snowfall rapidly increases with altitude. The climate of the mountainous Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO), which occupies the eastern half of Tajikistan, is more extreme. The mountainous east receives 90% of Tajikistan's yearly precipitation, and its average annual temperature is 49°F
- in Dushanbe it's 65 °F.
- Terrain
Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest
- Location
Central Asia, west of China, south of Kyrgyzstan
- Total Area
55,251 Square Miles 143,100 Square Kilometers
- Border Countries
Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km
Environment
- Environment - Current Issues
inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides
- Environment - International Agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements