Demographics & population — Tajikistan
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Tajikistan: 8,873,669
Immigration rules and fees change frequently — confirm current requirements on official government or embassy websites.
Population overview
- Population
8,873,669
- Population Growth Rate
1.79%
- Urban Population
- Population in Major Urban Areas
DUSHANBE (capital) 739,000
Age & family
- Age Structure
- Median Age
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
25
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
6.38
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
2.8
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
27.9%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
27.9%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
22.8
- Mother's mean age at first birth
22.8
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
-1.19
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration), other 6.6%
- Nationality Noun
Tajikistani(s)
Education
- Literacy - total population
99.5%
- Literacy - male
99.6%
- Literacy - female
99.1%
- Literacy Definition
age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
3.9%
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- Infant Mortality Rate
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
65
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
1.9
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
5.5
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
5.8%
- Major Infectious Diseases - degree of risk
high
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
8.6%
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- Underweight - percent of children under five years
15%