Demographics & population — Portugal
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Portugal: 10,207,177
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Population overview
- Population
10,207,177
- Population Growth Rate
-0.14%
- Population Distribution
concentrations are primarily along or near the Atlantic coast; both Lisbon and the second largest city, Porto, are coastal cities
- Urban Population
- urban population: 67.9%
- of total population rate of urbanization: 0.44% annual rate of change
- Population in Major Urban Areas
3.001 million LISBON (capital), 1.325 million Porto
- Population: Male/Female
- male: 4,835,763
- female: 5,371,414
Age & family
- Age Structure
- years: 12.7% (male 662,419/female 631,284) 15-64
- years: 65% (male 3,264,766/female 3,371,087) 65
- years and over: 22.3% (male 908,578/female 1,369,043)
- Median Age
- total: 46.4
- years male: 44.3
- years female: 48.3 years
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
8
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
10.9
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
1.45
- Gross reproduction rate
1
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
73.9%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
73.9%
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
52.6%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
29.9
- Mother's mean age at first birth
29.9
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
- at birth: 1.05
- male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05
- male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97
- male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66
- male(s)/female total population: 0.9 male(s)/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
1.5
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Portuguese 95%; citizens from Portugal’s former colonies in Africa, Asia (Han Chinese), and South America (Brazilian) and other foreign born 5%
- Language Note
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
- Nationality Noun
- Portuguese (singular and plural) adjective: Portuguese
Education
- Literacy - total population
95.9%
- Literacy - male
97.8%
- Literacy - female
95.9%
- Literacy Definition
age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
5%
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
- total: 17
- years male: 17
- years female: 17 years
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- total population: 81.9
- years male: 78.8
- years female: 85.2 years
- Infant Mortality Rate
- total: 2.4 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 2.8 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 2.1 deaths/1,000 live births
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- total: 2.4 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 2.8 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 2.1 deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
12
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
5.48
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
3.5
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
10.6%
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
20.8%
- Tobacco Use
- total: 25.4%
- male: 30.5%
- female: 20.2%
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 10.37
- liters of pure alcohol beer: 2.62
- liters of pure alcohol wine: 6.04
- liters of pure alcohol spirits: 1.34
- liters of pure alcohol other alcohols: 0.37 liters of pure alcohol
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 100%
- of population rural: 99.7%
- of population total: 99.9%
- urban: 0%
- of population rural: 0.3%
- of population total: 0.1% of population
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 99.9%
- of population rural: 100%
- of population total: 99.9%
- urban: 0.1%
- of population rural: 0%
- of population total: 0.1% of population
- Underweight - percent of children under five years
0.4%
