Economy — Netherlands
GDP, employment, industries, public finance, and currency.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Economy at a glance
GDP, employment, industries, public finance, and currency. Key figure for Netherlands: The Netherlands boasts a robust and diverse economy that strongly emphasizes international trade, innovation, and a highly developed infrastructure. International Trade: The Netherlands has a long history of international trade dating back to its strategic location and its tradition as a maritime nation. Today,…
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Economic overview
- Economic Overview
The Netherlands boasts a robust and diverse economy that strongly emphasizes international trade, innovation, and a highly developed infrastructure.
International Trade: The Netherlands has a long history of international trade dating back to its strategic location and its tradition as a maritime nation.
Today, it remains one of the world's top exporters of goods and services.
Rotterdam, Europe's largest port, is central in facilitating trade flows, particularly in Europe.
Highly Developed Infrastructure: The Dutch economy benefits from a well-developed infrastructure, including an extensive network of roads, railways, waterways, and airports.
This infrastructure supports domestic economic activities and facilitates international trade and logistics.
Innovation and Technology: The Netherlands is known for its innovative and knowledge-based economy.
It is home to several world-renowned technology companies and research institutions.
The government actively promotes research and development through investment in education, science parks, and innovation hubs.
Agriculture and Agribusiness: Despite being a relatively small country, the Netherlands is one of the world's leading agricultural producers, particularly in sectors such as horticulture, dairy, and floriculture.
The country is known for its advanced agricultural techniques and sustainable practices.
Financial Services: Amsterdam is a central financial hub in Europe, hosting the headquarters of several multinational financial institutions and serving as an important center for banking, insurance, and asset management activities.
Manufacturing: The manufacturing sector in the Netherlands is diverse and includes machinery, electronics, chemicals, and food processing.
The country is known for its high-quality manufacturing and engineering capabilities.
Tourism: The Netherlands attracts millions of tourists annually, drawn by its rich cultural heritage, picturesque landscapes, and vibrant cities like Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Utrecht.
Tourism plays a significant role in the Dutch economy, contributing to job creation and revenue generation.
Sustainability and Renewable Energy: The Netherlands is committed to sustainability and renewable energy initiatives, with ambitious targets for reducing carbon emissions and increasing the share of renewable energy in its energy mix.
Investments in wind power, solar energy, and sustainable transportation are driving the transition towards a greener economy.
Challenges: Like many other advanced economies, the Netherlands faces challenges such as an aging population, labor market reforms, and adapting to technological disruptions.
External factors such as geopolitical tensions and trade uncertainties can also impact the Dutch economy.
- Industries
agroindustries, metal and engineering products, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction, microelectronics, fishing
- GDP - per capita (PPP)
$49,300.00 (USD)
- GDP - real growth rate
1.8%
GDP & growth
- GDP - Gross Domestic Product (PPP)
$945,480,000,000 (USD)
- GDP Per Capita
$49,300.00 (USD)
- GDP - real growth rate
1.8%
- GDP - official exchange rate
$750,800,000,000 (USD)
- GDP - composition, by end use
- household consumption: 45%
- government consumption: 25.3%
- investment in fixed capital: 19%
- investment in inventories: -0.1%
- exports of goods and services: 83.6%
- imports of goods and services: -72.8%
- GDP by Sector- agriculture
1.6%
- GDP by Sector- Industry
18.8%
- GDP by Sector- services
79.6%
- Industrial Growth Rate
3.2%
Prices & money
- Inflation Rate
1.1%
- Exchange Rate per US Dollar
euro (EUR)
- Currency Name and Code
Euro (EUR)
- Fiscal Year
calendar year
- Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
2.3%
Employment & labor
- Labor Force
7,860,000
- Unemployment Rate
5.5%
- Major Industries
agroindustries, metal and engineering products, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction, microelectronics, fishing
- Agriculture Products
grains, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, vegetables; livestock
- Population Below Poverty Line
10.5%
Public finance
- Annual Budget
$356,000,000,000 (USD)
- Public Debt (% of GDP)
55%
- Budget Surplus or Deficit - percent of GDP
-3.3%
- Taxes and other revenues - percent of GDP
43.7%