Demographics & population — Mexico
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Mexico: 130,739,927
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Population overview
- Population
130,739,927
- Population Growth Rate
0.72%
- Population Distribution
most of the population is found in the middle of the country between the states of Jalisco and Veracruz; approximately a quarter of the population lives in and around Mexico City
- Urban Population
- urban population: 81.6%
- of total population rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change
- Population in Major Urban Areas
22.281 million MEXICO CITY (capital), 5.420 million Guadalajara, 5.117 million Monterrey, 3.345 million Puebla, 2.626 million Toluca de Lerdo, 2.260 million Tijuana
- Population: Male/Female
- male: 63,899,138
- female: 66,840,789
Age & family
- Age Structure
- years: 23.3% (male 15,647,805/female 14,754,004) 15-64
- years: 68.6% (male 43,651,105/female 45,983,174) 65
- years and over: 8.2% (male 4,600,228/female 6,103,611)
- Median Age
- total: 30.8
- years male: 28.8
- years female: 32.7 years
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
14
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
6.5
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
1.79
- Gross reproduction rate
1
- Child Marriage
- women married by age 15: 3.6%
- women married by age 18: 20.7%
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
73.1%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
73.1%
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
56.6%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
21.3
- Mother's mean age at first birth
21.3
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
- at birth: 1.05
- male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06
- male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95
- male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75
- male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
-0.7
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Mestizo (Indigenous-Spanish) 62%, predominantly Indigenous 21%, Indigenous 7%, other 10% (mostly European)
- Language Note
Spanish only 93.8%, Spanish and indigenous languages 5.4%, indigenous only 0.6%, unspecified 0.2%; note - indigenous languages include various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional languages
- Nationality Noun
- Mexican(s) adjective: Mexican
Education
- Literacy - total population
95.2%
- Literacy - male
96.1%
- Literacy - female
94.5%
- Literacy Definition
age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
4.3%
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
- total: 15
- years male: 15
- years female: 15 years
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- total population: 74.6
- years male: 71.6
- years female: 77.7 years
- Infant Mortality Rate
- total: 12.1 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 13.4 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 10.9 deaths/1,000 live births
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- total: 12.1 deaths/1,000
- live births male: 13.4 deaths/1,000
- live births female: 10.9 deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
59
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
2.43
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
1
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
6.2%
- Major Infectious Diseases - degree of risk
- bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
28.9%
- Tobacco Use
- total: 13.1%
- male: 19.9%
- female: 6.2%
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 4.25
- liters of pure alcohol beer: 3.72
- liters of pure alcohol wine: 0.19
- liters of pure alcohol spirits: 0.19 liters of pure alcohol
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 100%
- of population rural: 98.3%
- of population total: 99.7%
- urban: 0%
- of population rural: 1.7%
- of population total: 0.3% of population
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- urban: 99.9%
- of population rural: 96.4%
- of population total: 99.2%
- urban: 0.1%
- of population rural: 3.6%
- of population total: 0.8% of population
- Underweight - percent of children under five years
4.2%