Demographics & population — Kazakhstan
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Kazakhstan: 19,091,949
Immigration rules and fees change frequently — confirm current requirements on official government or embassy websites.
Population overview
- Population
19,091,949
- Population Growth Rate
1.2%
- Urban Population
- Population in Major Urban Areas
Almaty 1.426 million; ASTANA (capital) 664,000
Age & family
- Age Structure
- Median Age
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
20
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
8.43
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
2.38
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
51%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
51%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
27.6
- Mother's mean age at first birth
27.6
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
.42
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Kazakh (Qazaq) 53.4%, Russian 30%, Ukrainian 3.7%, Uzbek 2.5%, German 2.4%, Uygur 1.4%, other 6.6% (1999 census)
- Language Note
Kazakhstan is in the process of changing the alphabet from Cyrillic to Latin.
- Nationality Noun
Kazakhstani(s)
Education
- Literacy - total population
99.5%
- Literacy - male
99.1%
- Literacy - female
97.7%
- Literacy Definition
age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
3.1%
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- Infant Mortality Rate
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
51
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
3.84
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
7.6
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
3.9%
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
23.7%
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- Underweight - percent of children under five years
3.7%