Geography & environment — Gabon
Location, land area, terrain, climate, and natural resources.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Geography & environment at a glance
Location, land area, terrain, climate, and natural resources. Key figure for Gabon: Africa
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Location & size
- Geographic Location
Africa
- Geographic Coordinates
1 00 S, 11 45 E
- Total Area
103,346 Square Miles 267,667 Square Kilometers
- Land Area
99,485 Square Miles 257,667 Square Kilometers
- Water Area
3,861 Square Miles 10,000 Square Kilometers
- Land Boundaries
1,585 Miles 2,551 Kilometers
- Border Countries
Cameroon 298 km, Republic of the Congo 1,903 km, Equatorial Guinea 350 km
- Coastline
550 Miles 885 Kilometers
Physical geography
- Terrain
- Narrow coastal plain
- hilly interior
- savanna in east and south
- Highest Point
1,575 Meters
- Highest Point Location
Mont Iboundji 1,575 m
- Lowest Point Location
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
- Natural Resources
Petroleum, manganese, uranium, gold, timber, iron ore, hydropower
- Irrigated Land
17 Square Miles 44 Square Kilometers
Climate & time
- Time Zone
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Climate
- Climate
- The climate is hot and humid during most of the year and is typically equatorial. High temperatures range from 75°F to 82°F in the dry seasons and from 86°F to 93°F in the rainy seasons. Four distinguishable seasons are evident, although they vary somewhat each year: the long dry season from late May until mid-September
- the short rainy season from mid-September until mid-December
- the short dry season from mid-December through January
- and the long rainy season from February until late May. Rainfall in Libreville is about 115 inches a year (the U.S. average is about 40 inches)
- the largest amounts fall in October, November, March, and April. The humidity is always high. The summer months, as in the southern hemisphere, are the coolest time of the year.
- Terrain
- Narrow coastal plain
- hilly interior
- savanna in east and south
- Location
Central Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean at the Equator, between Republic of the Congo and Equatorial Guinea
- Total Area
103,346 Square Miles 267,667 Square Kilometers
- Border Countries
Cameroon 298 km, Republic of the Congo 1,903 km, Equatorial Guinea 350 km
Environment
- Environment - Current Issues
Deforestation; poaching
- Environment - International Agreements
- Party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling Signed,
- but not ratified: none of the selected agreements