Demographics & population — Gabon
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Gabon: 2,230,908
Immigration rules and fees change frequently — confirm current requirements on official government or embassy websites.
Population overview
- Population
2,230,908
- Population - note
Note: Estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
- Population Growth Rate
1.96%
- Urban Population
- Population in Major Urban Areas
LIBREVILLE (capital) 686,000
Age & family
- Age Structure
- Median Age
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
35
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
13.11
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
4.52
- Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49
31.1%
- Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49
31.1%
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
20.3
- Mother's mean age at first birth
20.3
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
-2.11
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Bantu tribes including four major tribal groupings (Fang, Bapounou, Nzebi, Obamba), other Africans and Europeans 154,000, including 10,700 French and 11,000 persons of dual nationality
- Nationality Noun
Gabonese (singular and plural)
Education
- Literacy - total population
63.2%
- Literacy - male
73.7%
- Literacy - female
53.3%
- Literacy Definition
Age 15 and over can read and write
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- Infant Mortality Rate
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
230
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
.2
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
6.3
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
3.2%
- Major Infectious Diseases - degree of risk
Very high
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
13.9%
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
- Underweight - percent of children under five years
6.5%
