Demographics & population — Finland
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators.
Profile updated 2026-06-02
⚡ Demographics & population at a glance
Population size, age structure, migration, ethnicity, language, education, and health indicators. Key figure for Finland: 5,571,665
Immigration rules and fees change frequently — confirm current requirements on official government or embassy websites.
Population overview
- Population
5,571,665
- Population Growth Rate
0.06%
- Urban Population
83.700000
- Population in Major Urban Areas
HELSINKI (capital) 1.134 million
Age & family
- Age Structure
16.420000
- Median Age
43.000000
- Birth Rate - births/1,000 population
10
- Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population
10.42
- Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman
1.73
- Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)
27.9
- Mother's mean age at first birth
27.9
- Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female
1.040000
Migration
- Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population
.62
Ethnicity & language
- Ethnic Groups
Finn 93%, Swede 6%, Sami 0.11%, Roma 0.12%, Tatar 0.02%
- Language Note
The Finnish people take great pride in their language. Through the years they have resisted other nation's attempts to impose their language on them. Over 93% of the population speaks Finnish, a Finnish-Ugric language coming from a language family different from Scandinavian languages. It is closely related to Estonian. Finland recognizes Sami, the tongue of the indigenous minority Sami. English is popular as a second language. Swedish is the second official language, spoken by 6% of the population. Finnish is a hard language to learn because the same word is used for "he" and "she" and the articles "a" and "the" are rarely used.
- Nationality Noun
Finn(s)
Education
- Literacy - total population
100%
- Literacy - male
100%
- Literacy - female
100%
- Literacy Definition
Age 15 and over can read and write
- Education Expenditures - percent of GDP
6.8%
- Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)
17.000000
Health & living conditions
- Life Expectancy at Birth
79.550000
- Infant Mortality Rate
3.380000
- Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births
3.380000
- Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births
5
- Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population
2.74
- Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population
5.9
- Health Expenditures - percent of GDP
8.9%
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
23%
- Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved
100.000000
- Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved
100.000000