Moving to Cambodia: visas, cost of living & immigrant guide

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Population

16,926,984

Population - note

Note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS

this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of the population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected

Population Growth Rate

1.67%

Urban Population

20.000000

Population in Major Urban Areas

PHNOM PENH (capital) 1.55 million

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Age Structure

31.240000

Median Age

23.700000

Birth Rate - births/1,000 population

25

Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population

7.88

Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman

2.72

Contraceptive Prevalance Rate - female 12-49

50.5%

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 12-49

50.5%

Mean Age for Mother's First Birth (age 25-49)

22.8

Mother's mean age at first birth

22.8

Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female

1.050000

Net Migration Rate - migrant(s)/1,000 population

-0.33

Ethnic Groups

Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%

Language Note

The Khmer language comes from an older language called paali, which developed as a successor to Indian Sanskrit. Khmer has 26 vowels and 33 consonants.

Nationality Noun

Cambodian(s)

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Literacy - total population

73.6%

Literacy - male

84.7%

Literacy - female

64.1%

Literacy Definition

Age 15 and over can read and write

Education Expenditures - percent of GDP

2.6%

Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)

11.000000

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Life Expectancy at Birth

63.410000

Infant Mortality Rate

52.700000

Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births

52.700000

Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births

250

Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population

.23

Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population

.7

Health Expenditures - percent of GDP

5.7%

Major Infectious Diseases - degree of risk

Very high

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

2.1%

Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved

93.900000

Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved

81.600000

Underweight - percent of children under five years

29%

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Economic Overview

Cambodia has experienced strong economic growth over the last decade; GDP grew at an average annual rate of over 8% between 2000 and 2010 and about 7% since 2011.

The tourism, garment, construction and real estate, and agriculture sectors accounted for the bulk of growth.

Around 700,000 people, the majority of whom are women, are employed in the garment and footwear sector.

An additional 500,000 Cambodians are employed in the tourism sector and a further 200,000 people in construction.

Tourism has continued to grow rapidly with foreign arrivals exceeding 2 million per year in 2007 and reaching 5.6 million visitors in 2017.

Mining also is attracting some investor interest and the government has touted opportunities for mining bauxite, gold, iron, and gems.

Still, Cambodia remains one of the poorest countries in Asia, and long-term economic development remains a daunting challenge, inhibited by corruption, limited human resources, high-income inequality, and poor job prospects.

According to the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the percentage of the population living in poverty decreased to 13.5% in 2016.

More than 50% of the population is less than 25 years old.

The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the impoverished countryside, which also lacks basic infrastructure.

In 2016, the World Bank formally reclassified Cambodia as a lower middle-income country as a result of continued rapid economic growth over the past several years.

Cambodia’s graduation from a low-income country will reduce its eligibility for foreign assistance and will challenge the government to seek new sources of financing.

The Cambodian Government has been working with bilateral and multilateral donors, including the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank, and IMF, to address the country's many pressing needs; more than 20% of the government budget will come from donor assistance in 2018.

A major economic challenge for Cambodia over the next decade will be fashioning an economic environment in which the private sector can create enough jobs to handle Cambodia's demographic imbalance.

Textile exports, which accounted for 68% of total exports in 2017, have driven much of Cambodia’s growth over the past several years.

The textile sector relies on exports to the United States and European Union, and Cambodia’s dependence on its comparative advantage in textile production is a key vulnerability for the economy, especially because Cambodia has continued to run a current account deficit above 9% of GDP since 2014.

Industries

Tourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$3,700.00 (USD)

GDP - real growth rate

7%

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GDP - Gross Domestic Product (PPP)

$70,080,000,000 (USD)

GDP Per Capita

$3,700.00 (USD)

GDP - real growth rate

7%

GDP - official exchange rate

$19,370,000,000 (USD)

GDP - composition, by end use

• Consumption: 78.5% Government
• Consumption: 5.4% Investment in Fixed
• Capital: 21% Investment in
• Inventories: 1.6% Exports of Goods and
• Services: 64.7% Imports of Goods and
• Services: -71.2%

GDP by Sector- agriculture

26.7%

GDP by Sector- Industry

29.8%

GDP by Sector- services

43.5%

Industrial Growth Rate

8.3%

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Inflation Rate

2.8%

Exchange Rate per US Dollar

4066

Currency Name and Code

riels (KHR)

Fiscal Year

Calendar Year

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

11.8%

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Labor Force

6,643,000

Unemployment Rate

0.3%

Major Industries

Tourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles

Agriculture Products

Rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews, cassava (manioc, tapioca), silk

Population Below Poverty Line

17.7%

Child Labor - # of children ages 5-14

1,345,269

Child Labor - % of children ages 5-14

39%

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Labor Force By Occupation- agriculture

48.7%

Labor Force By Occupation- industry

19.9%

Labor Force By Occupation- services

31.5%

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Annual Budget

$3,388,000,000 (USD)

Public Debt (% of GDP)

33.9%

Budget Surplus or Deficit - percent of GDP

-0.9%

Taxes and other revenues - percent of GDP

17.5%

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Full Country Name

Kingdom of Cambodia

Country Name

Cambodia

Local - Long

Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea (phonetic transliteration)

Local - Short

Kampuchea

Former Name

Khmer Republic, Democratic Kampuchea, People's Republic of Kampuchea, State of Cambodia

Etymology- history of name

the English name Cambodia is an anglicization of the French Cambodge, which is the French transliteration of the native name Kampuchea

Independence

9 November 1953 (from France)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 9 November (1953)

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Government Type

parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Constitution

• history: previous 1947; latest promulgated 21 September 1993
• amendments: proposed by the monarch, by the prime minister, or by the president of the National Assembly if supported by one fourth of the Assembly membership; passage requires two-thirds majority of the Assembly membership; constitutional articles on the multiparty democratic form of government and the monarchy cannot be amended; amended several times, latest 2022

Legal System:

civil law system (influenced by the UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia) customary law, Communist legal theory, and common law

Executive Branch:

• chief of state: King Norodom SIHAMONI (since 29 October 2004)
• head of government: Prime Minister HUN MANET (since 22 August 2023); note - MANET succeeded his father, HUN SEN, who had been prime minister since 1985
• cabinet: Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
• elections/appointments: monarch chosen by the 9-member Royal Council of the Throne from among all eligible males of royal descent; following legislative elections, a member of the majority party or majority coalition named prime minister by the Chairman of the National Assembly and appointed by the monarch

Legislative Branch:

• Description: bicameral Parliament of Cambodia consists of: Senate (62 seats; 58 indirectly elected by parliamentarians and commune councils, 2 indirectly elected by the National Assembly, and 2 appointed by the monarch; members serve 6-year terms) National Assembly (125 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)
• elections:
• Senate - last held on 25 February 2018 (next to be held on 29 February 2024)
• National Assembly - last held on 23 July 2023 (next to be held in July 2028)
• Election Results: - Senate - percent of vote by party - CPP 96%, FUNCINPEC 2.4%, KNUP 1.6%; seats by party - CPP 58; FUNCINPEC 2; Independent 2;
• composition - men 52, women 10, percent of women 16.1%
• National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CPP 82.4%, FUNCINPEC 9.2%, KNUP 1.7%, CYP 1.3%, other 5.4% (14 other parties received votes); seats by party - CPP 120, FUNCINPEC 5; composition (as of January 2024) - men 108, women 17, percent of women 13.6%;
• Note: total Parliament of Cambodia percent of women 14.4%
• Note: the CPP had no meaningful opposition in the July 2023 legislative election as the only serious challenger - the Candlelight Party - was disqualified on a technicality in advance of the election; the EU, UN, and US condemned the poll as neither free nor fair

Judicial Branch:

• office: Supreme Court and Constitutional Council judge candidates recommended by the Supreme Council of Magistracy, a 17-member body chaired by the monarch and includes other high-level judicial officers; judges of both courts appointed by the monarch; Supreme Court judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council judges appointed for 9-year terms with one-third of the court renewed every 3 years
• subordinate courts: Appellate Court; provincial and municipal courts; Military Court

Regions or States:

24 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 1 municipality (krong, singular and plural) provinces: Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kampot, Kandal, Kep, Koh Kong, Kratie, Mondolkiri, Oddar Meanchey, Pailin, Preah Sihanouk, Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Pursat, Ratanakiri, Siem Reap, Stung Treng, Svay Rieng, Takeo, Tbong Khmum municipalities: Phnom Penh (Phnum Penh)

Political Parties and Leaders:

• Candlelight Party or CP [TEAV Vannol]
• Cambodian People's Party or CPP [HUN SEN]
• Cambodian Youth Party or CYP [PICH Sros]
• Khmer National Unity Party or KNUP [NHEK BUN CHHAY]
• National United Front for Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM CHAKRAVUTH] note 1: 18 parties registered to run in the 2023 parliamentary election note 2: the Cambodian Government disqualified the Candlelight Party, the main opposition party, from the July 2023 election

Suffrage:

18 years of age; universal

Citizenship Criteria:

• birth: no citizenship by descent
• only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cambodia dual citizenship
• recognized: yes residency requirement for
• naturalization: 7 years

Capital Name

Phnom Penh

Capital - geographic coordinate

11 33 N, 104 55 E

Capital Time Difference

UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

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International Organization Participation:

• ADB
• ARF
• ASEAN
• CICA
• EAS
• FAO
• G-77
• IAEA
• IBRD
• ICAO
• ICRM
• IDA
• IFAD
• IFC
• IFRCS
• ILO
• IMF
• IMO
• Interpol
• IOC
• IOM
• IPU
• ISO (correspondent)
• ITU
• MIGA
• NAM
• OIF
• OPCW
• PCA
• UN
• UNAMID
• UNCTAD
• UNESCO
• UNIDO
• UNIFIL
• UNISFA
• UNMISS
• UNWTO
• UPU
• WCO
• WFTU (NGOs)
• WHO
• WIPO
• WMO
• WTO

International Law Organization Participation:

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Diplomatic Representation from US:

• Chief of Mission: Ambassador W. Patrick MURPHY (since 23 October 2019)
• Embassy: #1, Street 96, Sangkat Wat Phnom, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh
• Mailing Address: 4540 Phnom Penh Place, Washington DC 20521-4540
• Telephone: [855] (23) 728-000
• FAX: [855] (23) 728-700
• Email: ACSPhnomPenh@state.gov
• Website: https://kh.usembassy.gov/

Diplomatic Representation in the US:

• Chief of Mission: Ambassador KEO Chhea (since 19 April 2022)
• Chancery: 4530 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011
• Telephone: [1] (202) 726-7742
• FAX: [1] (202) 726-8381
• Email: camemb.usa@mfaic.gov.kh
• Website: https://www.embassyofcambodiadc.org/

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Geographic Location

Southeast Asia

Geographic Coordinates

13 00 N, 105 00 E

Total Area

69,898 Square Miles 181,035 Square Kilometers

Land Area

68,152 Square Miles 176,515 Square Kilometers

Water Area

1,745 Square Miles 4,520 Square Kilometers

Land Boundaries

1,598 Miles 2,572 Kilometers

Border Countries

Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km

Coastline

275 Miles 443 Kilometers

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Terrain

Mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north

Highest Point

1,810 Meters

Highest Point Location

Phnum Aoral 1,810 m

Lowest Point Location

Gulf of Thailand 0 m

Natural Resources

Oil and gas, timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential

Irrigated Land

1,365 Square Miles 3,536 Square Kilometers

Time Zone

UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

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Climate

The climate in Cambodia is relatively consistent throughout the country--hot and humid.

There are two distinct seasons: a dry season that lasts from November to May, and a rainy season lasting from June to October.

The country has an average annual rainfall of between 50 and 75 inches with the southwestern mountains, the area with the highest rainfall, receiving nearly 200 inches per year.

December to February are the coolest months of the year, when temperatures can drop to the mid to upper 60°F (25-27°C).

April is the hottest month, when temperatures regularly exceed 100°F (40°C).

The average relative humidity is 81%.

During the rainy season, periodic flooding in Phnom Penh can make driving a problem due to the city's old and dysfunctional drainage system.

Despite this, standing water usually drains away within a matter of hours.

Terrain

Mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north

Location

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos

Total Area

69,898 Square Miles 181,035 Square Kilometers

Border Countries

Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km

Environment - Current Issues

• Illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries)
• soil erosion
• in rural areas, most of the population does not have access to potable water
• declining fish stocks because of illegal fishing and overfishing

Environment - International Agreements

Party To: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea

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Exports

$8,762,000,000 (USD)

Imports

$12,320,000,000 (USD)

Major Exports

Clothing, timber, rubber, rice, fish, tobacco, footwear

Major Imports

Petroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction materials, machinery, motor vehicles, pharmaceutical products

Top Export Partners

United States 23.1%, United Kingdom 8.8%, Germany 8.2%, Japan 7.4%, Canada 6.7%, China 5.1%, Vietnam 5%, Thailand 4.9%, Netherlands 4.1%

Top Import Partners

Thailand 28.7%, China 22.2%, Vietnam 16.4%, Hong Kong 6.1%, Singapore 5.7%

Export Partners

United States 23.1%, United Kingdom 8.8%, Germany 8.2%, Japan 7.4%, Canada 6.7%, China 5.1%, Vietnam 5%, Thailand 4.9%, Netherlands 4.1%

Import Partners

Thailand 28.7%, China 22.2%, Vietnam 16.4%, Hong Kong 6.1%, Singapore 5.7%

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Country Description

Cambodia is a developing country with a constitutional monarchy and an elected government.

King Norodom Sihamoni is the constitutional monarch and head of state.

Elections for Members of the National Assembly were held in July 2008 and are scheduled to take place again in July 2013.

The July 2008 elections sent representatives from five different parties to the National Assembly, with the Cambodian People’s Party holding a majority of seats.

The country has a market economy, with approximately 80 percent of the population of 13.4 million engaged in subsistence farming.

The quality of tourist facilities varies widely in Cambodia, with the highest standards found in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, and Sihanoukville.

Safety & Security

The State Department is concerned that individuals and groups may be planning terrorist actions against U.S. citizens and interests, as well as at sites frequented by Westerners in Southeast Asia, including in Cambodia.

Extremist groups in Southeast Asia have transnational capabilities to carry out attacks against locations where Westerners congregate.

U.S. citizens residing in, or traveling to, Cambodia should therefore exercise caution in clubs, discos, bars, restaurants, hotels, places of worship, schools, outdoor recreation venues, tourist areas, beach resorts, and other places frequented by foreigners.

U.S. citizens should remain vigilant with regard to their personal security and avoid crowds and demonstrations.

From time to time, the U.S.

Embassy places local establishments off-limits to Embassy personnel due to safety and security incidents.

You can contact the Embassy for notification on the current restrictions in place for Embassy personnel, or register with the Embassy through STEP for security updates and alerts.

The U.S.

Embassy frequently receives reports of random gunfire in the vicinity of bars, nightclubs, and other entertainment venues.

While U.S. citizens have not been injured and do not appear to have been targeted, the potential exists for serious injury.

U.S. citizens should be vigilant in these areas.

The U.S.

Embassy recommends that U.S. citizens avoid travel along the Cambodian-Thai border in the provinces of Preah Vihear, Oddar Meanchey, and the Banteay Ampil district of Banteay Meanchey province because of a continuing border dispute between the two countries.

Thai and Cambodian soldiers have been stationed along the border in this area since July 2008 and have exchanged gunfire on several occasions.

Land mines and unexploded ordnance are found in rural areas throughout Cambodia, especially in Battambang, Banteay Meanchey, Pursat, Siem Reap, and Kampong Thom provinces.

Travelers in these regions should never walk in forested areas or even in dry rice paddies without a local guide.

Areas around small bridges on secondary roads are particularly dangerous.

Travelers should not touch anything that resembles a mine or unexploded ordnance; they should notify the Cambodia Mine Action Center at 023-368-841/981-083 or 084.

You should exercise extreme caution when traveling on boat tours and excursions in the coastal areas of the country.

In April 2011, a boat containing 90 tourists capsized off the coast of Sihanoukville.

While no one was seriously injured, such incidents could occur at any time, as boat tour operators do not take into account basic safety concerns and rarely provide life jackets for all passengers.

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Crime

Cambodia has a high crime rate, including street crime.

Military weapons and explosives are readily available to criminals despite authorities’ efforts to collect and destroy such weapons.

Armed robberies occur frequently, and foreign residents and visitors, including U.S. citizens, are among the victims.

The Embassy has also received reports that hotel rooms of U.S. citizen visitors in Phnom Penh were burglarized while the occupants were asleep.

The most common type of theft is “snatch and grab” robbery, and anything that can be quickly grabbed is at risk: cameras, jewelry, purses, backpacks, mobile phones, etc.

Exercise caution and keep belongings out of sight if you travel via “tuk-tuk,” as passengers in these open-air vehicles have been targeted by thieves.

If walking along the street, make yourself less of a target by carrying bags or items in your hand or on the shoulder this is furthest from the street.

If someone attempts to rob you, you should surrender your valuables immediately, since any perceived resistance may be met with physical violence, including lethal force.

Pickpockets, some of whom are beggars, are present in the markets and at tourist sites.

Sometimes they may act overly friendly, placing their hand on your shoulder or back to distract you in order to pick your pocket.

To avoid the risk of theft or confiscation of original documents, the U.S.

Embassy advises its personnel and all U.S. citizens traveling to or residing in Cambodia to carry photocopies of their U.S. passport, driver's license, and other important documents and to leave the originals in a hotel safe or another secure place.

Local police rarely investigate reports of crime against tourists, and travelers should not expect to recover stolen items.

It has also been reported that some police stations charge foreigners from $20-$100 to file a police report.

In 2011 and 2012, the U.S.

Embassy received reports of presumed ATM/debit card fraud.

ATM fraud can take place in many different ways, but the most common method is “skimming” card data as a transaction is made, while simultaneously recording the Personal Identification Number (PIN) that corresponds with the card.

Several people have reported that unauthorized transactions have occurred after they have used their ATM cards in Cambodia.

In light of these events, you should exercise caution by planning ahead and making copies of your ATM card, front and back, so that if you lose it, you still have the card number and contact information.

Use ATMs located in secure areas, such as banks or hotel lobbies.

Consider using only a few ATMs, and be aware of their appearance.

If something looks unfamiliar about a machine, don’t use it until you have verified that any modification is legitimate.

You should also be aware of your surroundings when using an ATM.

Robberies are more likely to occur as you depart an ATM, so please stay alert to your surroundings and depart an ATM quickly.

The U.S.

Embassy advises its personnel who travel to the provinces to exercise extreme caution outside the provincial towns at all times.

Many rural parts of the country remain without effective policing.

Avoid walking alone after dusk anywhere in Sihanoukville, especially along the waterfront.

You should be particularly vigilant during annual festivals and at tourist sites in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, and Sihanoukville, where there have been marked increases in motorcycle “snatch and grab” thefts of bags and purses.

If you are visiting Cambodia, you should practice sound personal security awareness by varying your routes and routines, maintaining a low profile, not carrying or displaying large amounts of cash, not wearing flashy or expensive jewelry, and not walking alone after dark.

In addition, you should travel by automobile and not use local moto-taxis or cyclos (passenger-carrying bicycles).

These vehicles are more vulnerable to armed robberies and offer no protection against injury when involved in traffic accidents.

Don’

Criminal Penalties

While you are traveling in Cambodia, you are subject to its laws even if you are a U.S. citizen.

Foreign laws, legal systems, and criminal penalties can be vastly different than our own.

In some places, it is illegal to take pictures of certain buildings.

Criminal penalties will vary from country to country.

There are also acts that might be legal in the country you visit, but still illegal in the United States.

You can be prosecuted under U.S. law if you buy pirated goods.

Engaging in sexual conduct with children or using or disseminating child pornography in a foreign country is a crime prosecutable in the United States.

If you break local laws in Cambodia, your U.S. passport won’t help you avoid arrest or prosecution.

It is very important to know what’s legal and what’s not where you are going.

Based on the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, bilateral agreements with certain countries, and customary international law, if you are arrested in Cambodia, you have the option to request that the police, prison officials, or other authorities alert the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate of your arrest, and to have communications from you forwarded to the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate.

Languages The Khmer language comes from an older language called paali, which developed as a successor to Indian Sanskrit.

Khmer has 26 vowels and 33 consonants.

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Medical Facilities

Medical facilities and services in Cambodia do not meet international standards.

Both Phnom Penh and Siem Reap have a limited number of internationally-run clinics and hospitals that can provide basic medical care and stabilization.

Medical care outside these two cities is almost non-existent.

Local pharmacies provide a limited supply of prescription and over-the-counter medications, but because the quality of locally obtained medications can vary greatly, make sure to bring a supply of your medications that is adequate for the duration of your stay in Cambodia.

You should be wary of purchasing local medication.

Counterfeit medication is readily available, often indiscernible from authentic medication, and potentially lethal.

Traffic Safety

While in Cambodia, you may encounter road conditions that differ significantly from those in the United States.

The information below concerning Cambodia is provided for general reference only and may not be totally accurate in a particular location or circumstance.

You should not drive at night in Cambodia outside of city limits.

Road maintenance is sporadic in both urban and rural areas.

Roads between major areas are adequate; however, roads leading to areas that are more rural are poor.

During the rainy season, both urban and rural road conditions deteriorate considerably.

Roadside assistance is non-existent.

The safety of road travel outside urban areas varies greatly.

Cambodian drivers routinely ignore traffic laws, and vehicles are poorly maintained.

Intoxicated drivers are commonplace, particularly during the evening hours, and penalties for DUI offenses vary greatly.

Banditry occurs even on heavily traveled roads, so all travel should be done in daylight between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 5.00 p.m.

There are also frequent bus accidents, including one in 2012 that resulted in the death of two foreign tourists.

Serious flooding occurs in both Phnom Penh and the rest of Cambodia starting at the end of July or early August and continuing into November.

The unimproved highways to Prey Veng, Pailin, Stung Treng, and Poipet become more difficult and dangerous during this time of the year, and travel on unpaved or dirt roads is virtually impossible.

The National Route highways are the only roads that can be traveled with caution during this time of the year.

The U.S.

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Airports - total

16

Airports with Paved Runways

6

Heliports

1

Railways

429 Miles 690 Kilometers

Roadways- total

24,617 Miles 39,618 Kilometers

Roadways- paved

1,548 Miles 2,492 Kilometers

Waterways

2,299 Miles 3,700 Kilometers

Ports and Terminals

Kampong Som (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh, Sre Ambol, Keo Phoh Port (privately owned) (2003)

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Telephones

54,200

Cell Phones

2,583,000

Internet Users

70,000

Internet Country Code

.kh

Internet Hosts

5,452

Broadcast Media

• Mixture of state-owned, joint public-private, and privately owned broadcast media
• 9 TV broadcast stations with most operating on multiple channels, including 1 state-operated station broadcasting from multiple locations, 6 stations either jointly operated or privately owned with some broadcasting from several locations, and 2 TV relay stations - one relaying a French TV station and the other relaying a Vietnamese TV station
• multi-channel cable and satellite systems are available
• roughly 50 radio broadcast stations - 1 state-owned broadcaster with multiple stations and a large mixture of public and private broadcasters
• several international broadcasters are available

Telephone System

• Assessment: adequate fixed-line and/or cellular service in Phnom Penh and other provincial cities; mobile-cellular phone systems are widely used in urban areas to bypass deficiencies in the fixed-line network; mobile-phone coverage is rapidly expanding in rural areas
• Domestic: fixed-line connections stand at about 4 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage, aided by competition among service providers, is increasing rapidly and stands at 92 per 100 persons
• International: country code - 855; adequate but expensive landline and cellular service available to all countries from Phnom Penh and major provincial cities; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region)

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Electricity Consumption- Kilowatt Hours (kWh)

1,272,000,000

Electricity Imports- Kilowatt Hours (kWh)

167,000,000

Electricity Production- Kilowatt Hours (kWh)

1,273,000,000

Oil Consumption- Barrels Per Day (bbl/day)

39,350

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Anthem History

"Nokoreach" is the national anthem of Cambodia.

After the royalist forces defeated the communists in 1993, the royalist anthem was restored as well.

Based on a Cambodian folk tune and written by Chuon Nat, the anthem was originally adopted in 1941 and reconfirmed in 1947.

However, it was replaced when the Khmer Rouge took over in 1976

Anthem Lyrics

Nokoreach Som pouk tepda rak sa moha khsath yeung Oy ben roung roeung doy chey monkol srey soursdey Yeung Khnom preah ang som chrok Krom molup preah Baromey Ney preah Noropdey vong Khsattra del sang preah sat thm­r Kroup Kraung dèn Khmer borann thkoeung thkann.

Prasath séla kombang kan dal prey Kuor oy sr­may noeuk d­l yuos sak Moha Nokor Cheat Khmer dauch Thmar kong vong n­y l­ar rung peung chom hor.

Yeung sang Khim por pheap preng samnang robuos Kampuchea.

Moha r­th koeut mien you ang veanh hey.

Kroup vath aram lu tè so sap thoeur Sot doy am no rom lik koun poth sasna Chol yeung chea neak thioeur thiak smos smak tam bep donnta Kong tè thévoda nùng chuoy chrom chrèng phkot phkang pra yoch oy Dol prateah Khmer chea Moha Nokor

Anthem Lyrics English

Heaven protect our King And give him happiness and glory To reign over our souls and our destinies, The one being, heir of the builder Sovereigns, Guiding the proud old Kingdom.

Temples are asleep in the forest, Remembering the splendor of Moha Nokor.

Like a rock the Khmer race is eternal.

Let us trust in the fate of Kampuchea, The empire which challenges the ages.

Songs rise up from the pagodas To the glory of the holy Buddhist faith.

Let us be faithful to our ancestors' belief.

Thus heaven will lavish its bounty Towards the ancient Khmer country, the Moha Nokor.